Which soil horizon is known for being heavily leached and typically appears lighter in color?

The E horizon is indeed known for being heavily leached. This horizon is typically found just below the A horizon and is characterized by the loss of minerals and nutrients, resulting in a lighter color compared to the layers above and below it. The leaching process occurs due to the percolation of water through the soil, which dissolves and carries away various minerals, often leading to a concentration of silica and other materials.

The lighter color of the E horizon is a direct result of this leaching, as the removal of darker-colored minerals such as iron and clay leaves behind a more pale or grayish appearance. This horizon plays a crucial role in soil formation and is indicative of processes that affect soil fertility and health. Understanding the E horizon is vital for managing agricultural practices, as it can have significant implications for crop growth and soil sustainability.